HESI Registered Nurse EXIT Practice Exam

What is the likely cause of decreased urinary output in a post-myocardial infarction patient?

1. Dehydration

2. Diminished blood volume

3. Decreased cardiac output

4. Renal failure

The correct answer is: Decreased cardiac output

In a post-myocardial infarction patient, the likely cause of decreased urinary output is decreased cardiac output. Myocardial infarction, or heart attack, can lead to compromised cardiac function, resulting in the heart's inability to pump blood effectively. When cardiac output decreases, it means that less blood is being circulated to vital organs, including the kidneys. The kidneys rely on adequate blood flow to maintain their filtration and urine production functions. A decrease in perfusion to the kidneys can lead to decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), ultimately resulting in reduced urine output. This scenario is particularly relevant in patients who may have suffered significant myocardial damage, impacting their overall hemodynamic status. Understanding the relationship between cardiac function and renal perfusion is essential in managing patients post-myocardial infarction, as maintaining adequate cardiac output is critical for ensuring proper kidney function and preventing complications associated with decreased urinary output.